Berkman @ 10

The Berkman Center for Internet & Society (where I’m a fellow among a great group of folks) is marking its 10th year with a big conference/gala/bash that’s shaping up to be a great event.

Check out the draft agenda.

Berkman at 10

And you can download the slick PDF of the Berkman@10 Special Report.

Since I first landed at Berkman back in 2001 the Center has really blossomed into a remarkable community and hive of activity, really pushing the edge of what’s being learned and taught and demonstrated about the Internet. I can’t wait to see and be part of what comes next.

What if iTunes enabled voluntary payments?

Last week I went to a meeting about Apple’s new “iTunes U” initiative. iTunes U got started about a year ago and now seems to be gaining more momentum and a bigger presence in iTunes overall. The basic idea is to create a platform for colleges, universities and selected other “beyond campus” providers of educational content to offer lectures, presentations, classes and other content for free download by students and/or the public at large.

It’s a free service and I’m sure it’s a compelling one for many universities. We may experiment with it for PRX as well. iTunes does all the hosting and helps you with the setup and, of course, puts you on a platform that now has 500 million potential users. The list of participants is getting longer and includes Stanford, MIT, Duke, Carnegie Mellon and a few dozen more. The “beyond campus” providers include American Public Media, MoMA, New York Public Library, and PBS.

Between iTunes U and the iTunes podcasting directory, which offers something like 120,000 podcasts, there is a ton of free content available. It’s clear that Apple likes the idea of recruiting more high-quality free non-music content to offer to users (who presumably will want to fill new iPods, iPhones and laptops with it all), and no doubt it’s a boon to lifelong learners and media seekers worldwide.

iTunes U

It’s interesting to see some crossover items in both categories, such as a radio documentary I found for sale in the Audiobooks section ($7.95 for 52 minutes) and for free in iTunes U. You’d have to be a discriminating searcher to figure that out, however, and it’s entirely likely that these sections are serving distinct if overlapping subsets of the iTunes audience.

But now that iTunes is the world’s biggest music retailer and generates billions of dollars of revenue for Apple and the content providers to the music store, what about enabling a la carte, subscription or volunteer payments for the long tail in podcasts and the educational content in iTunes U?

I’m intrigued by the voluntary model and certainly it’s one that public media needs to redefine as it moves to digital platforms (keep an eye on Project VRM as it continues to spell out the solutions and implications of more user-centric approaches). Right now I have $9.06 in my iTunes account left over from a gift card, and after enjoying a 90-minute video lecture from MIT I might be quite willing to ding it over to them, especially if they reminded me with a short and sweet appeal before/during or after the talk and on the site. I think a decent percentage of the 500 million iTunes users out there might respond similarly.

One can imagine lots of reasons why Apple hasn’t and probably won’t enable this in iTunes, but it’s worth pondering and pointing out, particularly as most of the energy and attention goes to ad-supported models for content syndication.

PRX gets MacArthur Award!

This is big.

The MacArthur Foundation has selected PRX as one of its 2008 recipients of the MacArthur Award for Creative and Effective Institutions.

“Public Radio Exchange (PRX)/Station Resource Group – Cambridge, Massachusetts: By gathering and distributing new programming and using technological innovation to expand content choices, PRX is leading public radio to become more interactive, diverse, and participatory.

PRX is taking public radio in new and stimulating directions, giving a larger dimension to one of America’s most important intellectual resources.

PRX will use their $500,000 grant to establish a cash reserve fund, a content venture fund, and to develop new technologies.”

PRX MacArthur Announcement

Read the full press release here.

MacArthur Announces 2008 Winners of Award for Creative and Effective Institutions

Chicago, IL (April 10, 2008) – Continuing its tradition of encouraging creativity and building effective institutions to help address some of the world’s most challenging problems, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation announced today that eight organizations in six countries will receive the MacArthur Award for Creative and Effective Institutions.

These nonprofit organizations have diverse missions – from helping public radio thrive in the digital age to defending human rights in Nigeria to seeking a more fair juvenile justice system in the United States. Still, they have much in common. All are highly creative and effective organizations that have made an extraordinary impact in their fields, while driving significant change on a modest budget. Each organization will receive up to $500,000, a large sum considering their annual budgets are under $2.5 million. The organizations will use their new funding for a range of purposes, including purchasing new office space, developing training and research facilities, upgrading technology, and undertaking new research.

“From its founding, the MacArthur Foundation has sought out people and organizations that have the creativity, energy and breadth of vision to change the world for the better,” said MacArthur President Jonathan Fanton. “These imaginative and influential small organizations have an impact altogether disproportionate to their size. They are addressing problems and injustices, finding fresh solutions, and proving themselves as leaders and innovators.

Make sure to read about the other remarkable recipients of this award here.

How is PRX planning to use the award?

UPDATE: The Boston Globe ran a piece about PRX and the MacArthur Award

Essay on Talent Quest for Current

With a big helping hand from John Barth I wrote a piece for Current, the public broadcasting publication, taking a look back at the Talent Quest for some lessons learned.

Nearly two years ago CPB issued an intriguing challenge called “The Public Radio Talent Quest”: find three new on-air hosts and develop pilot shows that showcase their talent.

PRX proposed an online contest, inviting anyone to submit a two minute audio audition and giving the audience a voice in choosing the winners. Basically it would be This American Idol.
Talent Quest Essay in Current
We had two main goals: (a) find truly exciting new hosts for public radio and (b) create an open, participatory way for public radio to identify and nurture talent—with help from listeners.

Last spring we launched PublicRadioQuest.com, an online audio contest application combined with a social network (built by PRX developers on the open-source Drupal platform). The online community has grown to more than 20,000 members, with a talent pool of hundreds of aspiring hosts from all across the country.

We took a calculated risk that the way to find outstanding individuals is to throw the doors wide open, attract the broadest and most diverse group possible, and encourage public participation throughout.

Ultimately it was a risk that paid off—as you can hear in the strikingly original pilots from our winners Al Letson, Rebecca Watson and Glynn Washington (all now available on PRX.org)—but for the organizers as well as the contestants it was an adventure every step of the way.

So what makes a great host? Of course, all the usual qualities have to be there: A host has to be engaging, empathic, interesting, knowledgeable, compelling. But anyone who hires people knows that there is a difference between highly competent performers and those with a special something else. You know it when you hear their spark, that secret sauce, the thing that makes you lean in closer to the radio.

It is also a judgment call, and no matter how many criteria or scorecards you create, everyone has a highly personal take on the elusive quality that we called “hostiness.”

We sensed a tension at the heart of the project: Were we looking for fresh talent that breaks new ground for public radio, or for great hosts who fit right into the mix alongside Terry and Robert and Ira and Krista and other established voices? What would be more likely to succeed on the air today and tomorrow? What expansions of sound would help public radio grow and reach new audiences?

Fortunately we had a remarkable team and group of judges to help debate and deliberate, and thousands of people weighed in online with their own thoughts about the future of public radio.

You know that anxious feeling when you throw a party and no one comes? We truly had no idea what to expect when we started accepting submissions for the contest’s first round. Would we get 50 entries? 250? Would they all be lousy? After all, we were asking a lot from participants: Tell us who you are in two minutes or less, create an account and upload a digital audio file to a website, even if you have never worked a mic before.

With promotional help from stations, good press coverage, a viral word-of-mouth campaign in the blogosphere and the incentives of pilot funding and public radio “stardom,” we ended up with more than 1,400 first-round entries.

We clearly had tapped into something extraordinary. In the contestants’ passion and the online community’s enthusiastic online comments,– we could hear people were thrilled that public radio was inviting them in—this time, not for their financial support but for their ideas, creativity and talent.

Entries came from all 50 states, from teenagers and senior citizens, professionals and amateurs, indie producers and station staff, podcasters, public radio fans, contest junkies and a legion of Ira Glass acolytes.

As you might expect, their quality followed a bell curve. We got a few truly wacky and off-the-wall entries (search the site for “Garrison Keillor is Going to Die”), a lot of mostly mediocre attempts in the middle, and a few hundred truly entertaining and compelling entries that made you want to listen again.

We decided early on that audience participation would truly count: Online public votes would determine one of the contestants advancing to each round, including one of the final three winners. In the end, more than 120,000 votes were cast (more than in the Fox contest to which state would be the site of The Simpsons’ town of Springfield!).

For ideas about how to vet the hosts, we consulted with producers of national shows and program directors. The initial 2-minute audio entries were extremely revealing, but how would we test hosting skills in a virtual and very public setting?

The skill tests eventually included a live script read (try pronouncing Inca emperor “Atahualpa” with no time to prepare), a free-association exercise, composing a 60-second billboard and conducting a classic host-guest interview. These kinds of tests normally are conducted in a windowless room somewhere, but the Talent Quest posted all entries on the site for tens of thousands of people to hear, comment and rate. Feeling a little sweaty?

At the same time, we struggled with the nature of the online experience. Should we allow or encourage contestants to post their photos? Should we allow them to blog about the competition, or would it unfairly sway votes or judges’ opinions? Does it matter if they responded to comments about their entries? After all, this is radio. Shouldn’t we tolerate or even prefer people who remain disembodied voices in the dark?

The answers came naturally. The site itself became an online community where contestants and voters established their own rules of engagement and styles of communication. Contestants commented on each other’s entries (partly to promote their own); people with their own blogs wrote about the process and linked to pages on the site; entire discussions launched on topics such as “your worst job ever.” For the most part,we simply stayed out of the way, reading everything the partipants wrote, only occasionally stepping in to nudge things back on track.

In today’s media, even public radio hosts have to be more than voices in the ether. The surge in online video, the sharing of photos, the searchability of text, the instant feedback of forums—there are many great opportunities for engagement we couldn’t pass up.

Once we had narrowed the field to the final ten contestants, we asked them to blog about their contest experience, chronicling the process and rounding out their own personal stories. Al, Rebecca, Glynn, April, Chuck, Anne, Chris, Bee, Carrie, and Komal became more than usernames and audio files. These were fascinating folks on the verge of a potential career break.

We were biting our nails along with everyone else as the votes came in and the stakes got higher. The judges’ conference calls in the early rounds were relaxed and congenial, but they became more tense and impassioned as we debated varying visions for the public radio sound each contestant represented.

Each deadline had genuine drama and hardship. (Tip: don’t set contest deadlines at midnight unless you are ready to answer technical questions by e-mail in the wee hours.) And there was real joy when we called the three final winners to say had each won $10,000, a chance to produce a pilot show, and a plane ticket to the PRPD, where they’d appear onstage in a gala event.

A few weeks ago we submitted the three final pilots to CPB, which will decide soon whether to give them further funding. The PublicRadioQuest.com site, the talent database, and the community of voters and participants remain an active resource that we are integrating into the broader PRX services.
We invite stations and others to get in touch if you are interested in using the technology or the talent pool for your own needs.
Public radio has a unique opportunity to tap into the talents of its audience, and we’re seeing more ambitious experiments in that vein, such as PRX, Radio Open Source, Public Insight Journalism and Vocalo.org.
The Public Radio Talent Quest gave us a glimpse of what a much more open system might look like, and it sounds profoundly encouraging. Please come judge for yourself: The pilots are on PRX and all the original entries are still available on PublicRadioQuest.com.

PRTQ in Current

We ran a full-page ad in Current for the Public Radio Talent Quest winners, showcasing Al, Rebecca and Glynn and their new pilots on PRX. Current also published my retrospective look at the whole project in the last issue.

PRTQ PRX ad in Current

Public radio has a unique opportunity to tap into the talents of its audience, and we’re seeing more ambitious experiments in that vein, such as PRX, Radio Open Source, Public Insight Journalism and Vocalo.org.

The Public Radio Talent Quest gave us a glimpse of what a much more open system might look like, and it sounds profoundly encouraging. Please come judge for yourself: The pilots are on PRX and all the original entries are still available on PublicRadioQuest.com.

Podcast Interview with ManagingRights.com

Bob Weber and I were on a panel together a month or so ago at the MIT Enterprise Forum and Bob subsequently interviewed me for his ManagingRights.com podcast. It’s a good short snapshot of the who/what/why of PRX with a focus on the rights and licensing aspects of PRX.

You can stream or download the MP3 here.

Read more about Bob and his work with ManagingRights here.

Public Media Election Collaboration

The news is finally official about the CPB-funded Public Media Election Collaboration. PRX is one of the partners and we have two main projects to contribute, one about aggregating campaign audio and the other is helping surface social media and “user-generated” content to collaboration partner websites.

Here’s the full press release.

Most importantly for us right now, we’re hiring two contract positions to help lead the curating projects starting immediately, so please spread the word and send us some outstanding individuals. We’ve started to talking to some candidates already but want to make sure we cast a wide net.

Campaign Audio Curator.
Full description and link to online application

The Campaign Audio Curator will work with PRX to find, select, annotate, and promote public radio and other audio material on Campaign ‘08 and related issues. Selected works can include produced pieces, interviews, raw audio from campaign appearances, issue-based and local or regional stories that can be edited or excerpted for re-use by stations and other project partners. The initial collection is underway and located here: http://www.prx.org/articles/905


Social Media Curator.
Full description and link to online application

The Social Media Curator will work with PRX to find, select, annotate, and promote citizen media and “user-generated content” from blogs, YouTube, podcasts and other sources. Selected content will be showcased on local and national public media websites.

What’s the point?

Public media has a unique opportunity to cover Campaign 2008 and elevate public engagement around critical issues at stake nationally and locally.

The democratization of the tools for creating and distributing media has resulted in an explosion of conversation, connection and content. This in turn creates a critical need for ways to sift, filter and find value amidst irrelevant or even harmful expression.

One important role is to use public media’s presence and journalistic values to showcase and highlight examples of the diverse range of content and conversation already taking place online.

While the CNN/YouTube debates are the highest profile attempt so far to incorporate participatory media into coverage of Campaign 2008, there are few focused efforts to help audiences navigate the growing ocean of “user-generated content” to find relevant, important and revealing voices and perspectives.

This social media curating project is an experiment to explore approaches to this task, in the context of a critical national moment of a presidential election.

For the election audio project, we will help bubble up stories that otherwise might get lost in the shuffle, create an collection for timely use during the campaign season as well as a helpful archive for further evergreen and “long tail” opportunities in the future.

With the proliferation of audio on-air and online there’s a critical role to play in sifting, sorting, curating and promoting the best of what’s available. The PRX campaign collection will be a vital resource for public broadcasting stations, partners and the public.

PRX in the news: Globe on PRTQ and Ford on public radio

The Boston Globe profiles Rebecca Watson, one of the three winners of the PRX Public Radio Talent Quest.

Just making it this far “is quite an achievement,” says Jake Shapiro, the executive director of the Cambridge-based Public Radio Exchange, which ran the contest. “We had over 1,400 entries.”

Watson, Shapiro explains, was a long shot, particularly in the contest’s early rounds, which combined open voting with judging by public-radio professionals. “She was the one that made it all the way through most improbably,” Shapiro says. “She was a popular pick. She wasn’t one of the judges’ picks. What I think is part of [Watson's] success is that she earned the judges’ respect.”

I was one of the judges whose respect Rebecca definitely earned, particularly after getting to meet her in person at not one but two rocking PRX parties. She’s a star in the making, no doubt.

You can hear all three pilots from Rebecca, Al and Glynn on the Public Radio Talent Question website, and they are also available on PRX for anyone to listen, rate and review and for public radio stations to license for broadcast.

PRX is a grantee in the Ford Foundation’s 5-year “Global Perspectives in a Digital Age: Strengthening Public Media” initiative, which has been a remarkable experience that has put us right in the thick of some important developments in the field.

The foundation just put out a report on “The Public Square in a Digital Age” that includes a section on public radio and PRX.

You listen to National Public Radio. You tune in to Public Broadcasting Service stations. But does Public Radio Exchange ring a bell? PRX, a clearinghouse for archived quality programming, is part of a new wave of public service media that has arisen in response to rapid technological change and segmenting audiences.